Hum 111 Week 10 Assignment 3 Strayer - 1430 Words

HUM 111 WEEK 10 ASSIGNMENT 3 STRAYER To purchase this visit following link: https://coursehomework.com/product/hum-111-week-10-assignment-3-strayer/ Contact us at: HELP@COURSEHOMEWORK.COM HUM 111 WEEK 10 ASSIGNMENT 3 STRAYER Due Week 10 (03/14/2016) and worth 100 points As a way of experiencing the Humanities beyond your classroom, computer, and textbook, you are asked to do a certain type of â€Å"cultural activity† that fits well with our course and then report on your experience. Your instructor will require you to propose an activity and get instructor approval before you do it and report on it (students should look for any instructions in that respect). Every effort should be made to ensure that this is a hands-on experience (not a†¦show more content†¦Note: Submit your cultural activity choice to the instructor for approval before the end of Week 5 (earlier is even better). Look for guidance from the instructor for how or where to make your proposal. You may also seek advice from your instructor (provide your town/state or zip code) for a good activity in your general area. Visiting a Museum †¢ It makes sense to approach a museum the way a seasoned traveler approaches visiting a city for the first time. Find out what there is available to see. In the museum, find out what sort of exhibitions are currently housed in the museum and start with the exhibits that interest you. †¢ If there is a travelling exhibition, it’s always a good idea to see it while you have the chance. Then, if you have time, you can look at other things in the museum. †¢ Every effort should be made ahead of time to identify a museum that has items and works one can easily connect to our HUM 111 class and book. Since HUM 111 covers from ancient times to the 1500s AD, it makes more sense to focus on items from that time frame. In general, museums with artistic cultural artifacts and fine arts work better than history museums. †¢ Any questions about whether a museum-visit activity fits the course and assignment well enough will be decided by the instructor when the student seeks approval for the activity. Any alternative

Limited Knowledge of Agriculture in our Society Essay

Many have heard the phrase, â€Å"Where would we be without agriculture? Hungry and Naked.† Ye,t the understanding of this phrase seems to be very limited. Knowledge of agriculture, as a whole, is very limited, to the point where people think that food comes from the grocery store instead of from the farms of hard working men and women who spend their days working in the fields and pastures. The combination of unrealistic legislation, corporate greed, and an ignorant consumer, that is today, four generations or more removed from the farm, has led to a huge gap in agriculture literacy in this country. Basically, people don’t know where their food comes from and as we’ve all heard, â€Å"we fear what we don’t understand.† The Food Police, while they†¦show more content†¦Organic production is known for being tastier, healthier and more sustainable. Consumers of organic food believe several misconceptions. One misconception is that pesticides and fertilizers are not used in crop production and that not using these contributes to or affects the taste. However, no scientific evidence has been found to prove this theory. In fact, there are only one or two studies done out of more than a hundred that show that organic produce has a higher level of nutrients. The simple fact is that organic food cannot travel as far, and the nonorganic and fresher produce tend to taste better. Secondly, it is commonly thought that in order for crops to be labeled as organic by the USDA, the farmer cannot use pesticide, herbicide, or fertilizer. However, the USDA only requires that organic farmers use natural or non-synthetic pesticide, herbicide, and fertilizer. Natural products such as copper and sulfur are often u sed in organic farming as pesticides and fungicides, however, we would never purposefully ingest these compounds either. Moreover, these natural pesticides are just as carcinogenic as their synthetic equivalents. In fact, 99.9 percent of the pesticides consumed by the public are natural. Not to mention, the cost of organic produce is much higher than normal produce. Consumers can literallyShow MoreRelatedThe Greatest Known Prehistoric Individual916 Words   |  4 Pagesof the ability to gain knowledge about the world. Learning about ancestors can bring knowledge about how people in the past had lived and how it can be used to compare today s society and culture. Written documents enhance the ability to understand the past. These references are not available before the activity writing and recording was done. This time period before writing and recording is called prehistory. 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While humans have settled down and chosen anRead MoreBiotechnology : Genetically Modified Foods1698 Words   |  7 Pagesphysicians are also able to select embryos that do not have special genetic characteristics, such as cystic fibrosis, limiting the risk of disease in the child. Scientists have recently made many break-throughs and rapid advances in and addition to our knowledge of the human genome, and have developed a way where in the future, it may be possible to replace faulty DNA with perfectly healthy DNA – germ line therapy. This is carried out on sperm, eggs or embryos, but has only been successfully tested on

Bus 610 Week 1 Free Essays

Michael Rush BUS 610 10/27/12 Complete Connect Exercise 1, Chapter 1 (p 13), 1. a. Interval b. We will write a custom essay sample on Bus 610 Week 1 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Ratio c. Nominal d. Nominal e. Ordinal f. Ratio 2. a. Ratio b. Nominal c. Nominal d. Ratio 3. orangecountyregister. com Nominal- The sales of the Microsoft Surface allow for the measurement of Nominal data. When looking at the tablet market all of the sales are essentially a tally for the version or brand. The article looks at the sales which can be easily compared to other tablets in that market. Ordinal- The concept of ordinal measurement is directly represented in the idea of high school football. In the article it talks about the number one ranked Mission Viejo team. This is directly categorized as an ordinal unit of data. With having a clear ranking in terms of success, the first place team has a measureable gain over teams that would be in the lower rankings. Interval- Interval data can be found throughout the readings when it comes to weather. Weather is a great example of interval data. The temperature has a difference between values at a constant size and an easy ranking the temperatures for clear measurement. Additionally a zero does not have significance as in an absence of heat. Ratio- In the paper the Symantec Company was brought up. The article revolved around the earnings in the second quarter. This measurement is one of a ratio due to the fact that a zero value is meaningful. A company has the ability to be at zero and be factual. The data can be compared to different years or other companies. 4. a. Sample b. Population c. Population d. Sample Chapter 1 Practice Test for Part II, Problem #2 (p 20), 2. |Freshmen |Sophomores |Juniors |Seniors | |14 |18 |10 |6 | [pic] Chapter 2 Practice test for Part II, Problem 1 (p 54) 1. a. 30 b. 105 c. 52 d. 0. 190476 or 19% e. $165 f. Minimum= $120 and Maximum =$330 g. [pic] h. [pic] How to cite Bus 610 Week 1, Essay examples

Information Security Internet of Things

Question: Discuss about theInformation Security for Internet of Things. Answer: Introduction Internet of Things has become suddenly a thing, through the evolution of the concept has been running from several years, under different names. Internet of Things offer a great provision to connect various things through networking and ability to access them remotely. Since the internet has become invasive and pervasive from the floor of the factory to the operating room of the hospital, to a residential basement, Internet of Things seems to be viable and possible (Fell Mark, 2013). However, there are many challenges of security for the human life and even to the humanity, if not managed and implemented with standards and laws. Internet of Things Internet of Things is a hot thing now and it is an establishment of internetworking of the devices, gadgets, automobiles and in fact any physical thing that needs to be accessed virtually. The communication among these things is enabled through electronics, actuators, software, sensors, all connected through networking (Hardy Quentin, 2015). Internet of Things has been considered by the experts as the infrastructure of the information society. Internet of Things allows the physical things or objects to be sensed and well controlled remotely, through the infrastructure of network and it creates new opportunities for direct virtual integration of the objects into the systems that are computer based offering potential benefits of improved efficiency, economic and accuracy. Applications Internet of Things can be applied technically to literally any physical object that allows to insert an embedded chip for its operation and control. However, because of the incomplete security assurance, these applications are still in process and long awaited to go. Once they go, it is estimated that more than 20 billion devices are going to be connected through Internet of Things by the year 2020. Medical and Healthcare The right and potential application of the Internet of Things is medical and healthcare. The devices of the Internet of Things can be used for enabling emergency notification system and remote health monitoring systems, majorly. Media Media has been waiting so patiently to embrace the technology of the Internet of Things, to use it along with the present application of the new data technology, Big data, for majorly to two media applications. Firstly, the media wants to target the consumers, by marketers and advertising and secondly for huge data capture. Internet of Things is going to be a great measure, collect and analyze of the data of the consumer to analyse variety of behavioral statistics. The targeted products and services marketing could become revolutionize with cross-correlation of this huge collected data. Manufacturing Management and network control of asset and equipment of manufacturing along with the situation management or control of manufacturing process could bring the Internet of Things within realm on the smart manufacturing and industrial applications as well. Home and Building Automation The devices of the Internet of Things can be used to control and monitor the electrical and electronics, mechanical systems that are part of many kinds of buildings in building and home automation systems. Transportation The technology of Internet of Things can be helpful in integration of information processing, control and communication across many transportation systems. Literally, the technology can be applicable for all aspects of the system of the transportation. Security Challenges The birth of security issue was started right from the moment, two computers were able to communicate. The potential and intensity of this security has been increasing with the number of computers and other computing and electronic devices are interconnected. These security challenges will be multi-fold, when the physical and day to day physical objects are added to this list (Verbeek Peter-Paul, 2011). Internet of Things has mere endless applications and the challenges in terms of security are almost close to that number. There are many concerns that have been arise as part of the implications in implementing the technology, exploration. It is criticized all over the world that it is developed with less consideration of the challenges of security. Surveys conducted all over the world reveal the potential and degree of threat of the security connected to the Internet of Things. And security is still has been a biggest concern for consideration, before proceeding further with the adoption of the technology (Weber, et al., 2010). According to Forbes, the issues of security have already arise, and many things that are connected with the Internet of Things, have become spy on people, in the homes that they are placed. These appliances, such as kitchen appliances, televisions, thermostats, cameras, etc., are connected through internet can easily be taken into stride by the attackers. Various things, including automobiles and it parts can be vulnerable to the hackers and attackers, who can easily access them and control them through on-board network. The security issues and the open market for the data for accessing and controlling or even for hacking the networks and data can have huge impact on even economies of the countries. It can very well help the criminals and spies to focus and access control of the vulnerable targets (Hersent, et al., 2012). There are security issues in industries. For instance, the following security issue can be prominent in the industries with the adaption of the Internet of Things. During the automation of the factory floor, the PLC (Programmable Logic Controllers) which are used to operate the robotic systems are usually get integrated with the infrastructure of the enterprise IT. How can they be shielded from the interference of the human beings, while protecting the IT infrastructure investment and to leveraging control security available? Though the security researchers of the Internet of Things have shown the capability to control remote pacemakers, by the year 2008, the technology has not been adopted majorly for the issues and challenges of the security. But security is mandatory and critical at both network and device levels, towards safer operation of the Internet of Things. Security Solutions With the increased and growing concern for the security challenges of Internet of Things, the IoTSF (Internet of Things Security Foundation) had been launched in the year 2015, with a mission to promote best practice and knowledge about the Internet of Things. Security is not an impossible aspect for the Internet of Things, while the security shielding is applied at every layer of the network and operating system. It should be enabled throughout the lifecycle of the device and it should start from the initial stages, right at the design and till the environment of the operation. Secure Booting The integrity and authenticity of the software installed in the device is to be checked and verified, while the device is powered on, with the help of the digital signatures that are generated cryptographically. This is the key point, where foundation of trust can be established. However, the protection at this layer would not be sufficient as the layers above this core layer are also vulnerable to the security threats. Access Control Various forms of access and resource controls are to be applied. The operating system has to be built with role-based mandatory access controls to limit the access and use of the applications and components of the devices, so that only things that need the job to be done would be accessed. So, in case of any compromise of any component has occurred, the intruder will have only limited or minimal access to the other components or parts of the system. Device Authentication The device has to be authenticated itself, before plugging into the network, and before transmitting or receiving the data. Similar to the user authentication, which is provides the access through the given user name and password, the authentication of machine also provides access for the device to become part of the network. Firewalling and IPS Apart from the authenticated machine access, it also needs deep packet inspection or firewall capability towards controlling traffic that has the destination towards device termination. But the question is, why a firewall is needed that is host-based, though network-based applications are placed? The devices that are deeply embedded have unique protocols, which are varied and distinct from the IT protocols of the enterprise. Updates and Patches After the device jumps into operation, it should start getting software updates and hot patches. These patches are to be rolled out by the operator and it should be controlled with authentication. So, devices have to authenticate, so that the functional safety of the device is not impaired or does not consume the bandwidth. Associated Technologies Internet of Things cannot be evolved and successful alone and it would be incomplete, especially in terms of security, when these associated technologies also rise to a certain secured levels (Ramsey, Rachel, 2014). Optical technologies for safe and secured operation of the sensors Near field and Radio Frequency Identification, for detection of the devices Optical tag coding and quick response codes Bluetooth low energy technology for wireless access of the devices IP networks with low energy and accessible wireless ZigBee communication technology for implementation of the layers for wireless private area networks Z-wave communication protocol for applications for smart home, used with radio protocols Thread, another Internet of Things communication technology Wi-Fi Direct to establish peer to peer communication, with no need to establish access points Ethernet networking standard used for general purpose, to enable communication of Internet of Things over fiber network links and twisted pair links Research Question The research question for Internet of Technology is that how well and how secured the Internet of Things application can be taken to the people, who can start using the application with no concerns of the security of their personal data and security of the data for their devices and other credentials. Conclusion Internet of Things has been a longer awaited technology waiting to be implemented globally. However, because of the security, privacy and legal issues, the commencement and real time usage of the technology has not been done yet. Internet of Things is basically a technology that provides the provision to interconnect the things, digitally, so that they can be operated virtually, by the users. Internet of Things has various applications, in fact endless, since it can be applied to every object on the planet and these applications are going to serve the humanity, when used safe and secured. The major concern is the challenges of security, since there is a potential chance of hacking the devices and the associated data, by the hackers and may use it inappropriately by the attackers. These security challenges have certain solutions that should be established at various stages and layers of the communication, such as from the operating system to the networking layers. References Chris Clearfield.Why The FTC Can't Regulate The Internet Of Things.Forbes. Fell, Mark, 2013,"Manifesto for Smarter Intervention in Complex Systems". Carr Strauss, United Kingdom. Hardy, Quentin, 2015, Tim O'Reilly Explains the Internet of Things.The New York Times Bits Hersent, Olivier, David Boswarthick and Omar Elloumi. 2012, The Internet of Things: Key Applications and Protocols. Chichester, West Sussex: Wiley. Howard, Philip, 2015, "Pax Technica: Will The Internet of Things Lock Us Up or Set Us Free?". Yale University Press, New Haven CT. Pal, Arpan, 2015,Internet of Things: Making the Hype a Reality,.IT Pro. IEEE Computer Society. Pfister, Cuno, , 2011, Getting Started with the Internet of Things. Sebastapool, Calif, O'Reilly Media, Inc. Ramsey, Rachel, 2014,"PubNub Brings Reliable, Real-time Connectivity to the IoT with Connected Car Solution Kit", IoT Evolution World Stark, John, 2015,.Product Lifecycle Management: Volume 2. The Devil is in the Details. Appendix B: PLM and the Internet of Things (IoT), Springer. Taylor, Harriet.REU Site: CyberSAFE@UALR: Cyber Security and Forensics Research at the University of Arkansas at Little Rock.NSF. National Science Foundation Uckelmann, Dieter, Mark Harrison and Florian Michahelles , 2011, Architecting the Internet of Things, Springer, Berlin Verbeek, Peter-Paul, 2011, Moralizing Technology: Understanding and Designing the Morality of Things,The University of Chicago Press, Chicago. Weber, Rolf, H., and Romana Weber, 2010, Internet of Things: Legal Perspectives, Springer, Berlin.. Zhou, Honbo, 2013, The Internet of Things in the Cloud: A Middleware Perspective. Boca Raton, CRC Press, Taylor Francis Group.

Report Template Sample

Report Template Paper Paste your answers to questions 1 through 16 from the lab below, (. 25 points each) Task 2: Now that you have practiced the subletting process, please complete the problems below. Be sure to show your work: a. You have been given the address 201. 1 11120. 0 by your ISP. You need to create 5 subnets. How many bits minimum would you need to borrow? (1 points each) b. How many usable hosts per subnet will you have? (l points each) c. You have been given the address 150. 30. 0. 0 by your ISP. You want to create 50 subnets. How many bits (1 points each) d. How many usable hosts per subnet will you have? (I points each) Calculating Subnet Masks Lab (12 points) Write a paragraph (a minimum of five college-level sentences) below that summarizes what was accomplished in this lab, what you learned by performing it, how it relates to this weeks Tacos and other course material, and just as importantly, how you feel it will benefit you in your academic and professional career. (4 points) For the Calculating Subnet Masks Lab, you must show your work in finding the needed subnet mask and host addresses. A missing or incorrectly calculated question number will earn zero points. Copy and paste the following corrections from your Calculating Subnet Masks Lab or worksheet below. Task I: Paste your answer to problem 12 below. (. 5 point) Task 2: Paste the table that you created at problem 41 below. (. 5 point) Task 3: Now that you have gained some expertise by performing the tasks in the lab, you should be able to complete the address table and answer some questions about subnets, (5. 5 points) You have been given the address 202, 100. 50. 0/26. A. How many bits have been borrowed? 5 point) b. Express the custom subnet mask (/26) in decimal format. What is the block size? We will write a custom essay sample on Report Template specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Report Template specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Report Template specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

The Cuban Revolution essays

The Cuban Revolution essays The Cuban Revolution was in various ways different from the American Revolution and in other ways similar to it at because it had the same purpose and it also succeeded. Therefore, it can be rightfully said that the Cuban Revolution is an example, among others, of revolutions following the steps and ways (set of guidelines) of the American Revolution, which led it to be a victorious one. It could also be said that this revolution also offered a number of contrasts to the American Revolution, thus making it clear that the American Revolution was a very unique and special kind of revolution that can never be exactly repeated by any other nation. One main similarity between the Cuban and the American Revolution is that they both held the same purpose, which was to overthrow the current abusive government and establish a new one that would serve the people rightfully and advance social and economic justice in the nation. Abuses of Batista's regime began on the same day that he came into power, when he suspended the constitution, dissolved the congress and instituted a provisional government, promising elections the following year. After crushing an uprising by a young lawyer, Fidel Castro, on July 26, 1953, the regime seemed secure and when the political situation had been calmed, the Batista government announced that elections were to be held on the fall of 1954.* That year Grau San Martin, Batista's opponent, withdrew from the campaign just before the election because he claimed that his supporters had been terrorized. Thus, Batista was reelected without any opposition since he brutally suppressed political opposition an d let his people live in appalling poverty. He crushed worker, peasant, and student opposition. Between 1952 and 1959, 20,000 Cubans were assassinated by Batista's henchmen. * The bodies of those assassinated were often dumped in public places with their eyes gouged out to intimidate the rest of the population; ...

United States History Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

United States History - Essay Example The Spanish conquistadors conquered large empires in the New World. The Spanish colonizers had superior military technology and advanced military tactics that enabled them to form alliances with local tribes and carry out surprising attacks to conquer different areas. The Spanish conquistadors would then partition the conquered areas into encomiendas. The encomienda system converted Indians into slaves. In the sixteenth century, Spain had emerged as the most successful colonizer. Other colonizers such as England and France felt threatened by continued success of Spain in colonization. Spain was the first colonize America and had managed to capitalize on vast regions of America while other rivals such as England and France had not entered America. Spanish colonizers managed to acquire vast natural resources from its colonies and develop the economy in its mother country. Although the Spanish government was operating from Madrid it made use of viceroyalties, royal courts of appeal and audencias to manage its colonies in the new world. Megellan started circumnavigating the globe but natives killed him while he was crossing the Pacific. Spaniards then captured Aztec in 1519. In 1507, Waldseemuler named the newly discovered world as America. The terrain was characterized by harsh conditions. Moreover, few native laborers had been reduced to slaves. They could not satisfy the growing number of Spanish settlers. Therefore, Spanish started importing African slaves. Francisco later invaded and conquered Peru. Later on Jamestown was founded in Virginia for English settlement. In 1680, Pope Rebellion led to end of the encomienda system. 2) Describe the major difficulties that early settlers in Virginia encountered and how these difficulties were overcome. The early settlers in Virginia encountered numerous challenges. One of the challenges was hunger and disea ses, which left several of the settlers dead. Most of the settlers were vulnerable to diseases and most could hardly stand diseases. Although most of the settlers died due to famine, a number died from water poisoning. The river water they were using had slime, which caused salt poisoning, typhoid and dysentery. The poisoned water caused an epidemic that killed most of the colonizers. This resulted in disintegration of the leadership. Moreover, most of the remaining settlers were ill and could hardly work. In the early 1608, there was a fire that destroyed the fort as well as the colonist dwelling and provisions. This left the colonizers without food and they had to depend on Indians. Around 1609 major hunger had affected Virginia, resulted in instances of malnutrition, and made settlers vulnerable to diseases. Moreover, the local Indians retaliated and would and times attack the settler. The settlers overcome the challenges by carrying out faming to obtain food. Additionally, they would use guns to threaten the Indian attackers. Moreover, the settlers built a wall around their houses to prevent themselves from the attacks. The settler’s leaders such kept recruiting new settlers to replace the dead ones, which helped the colony survive. Moreover, the settlers imported slaves from Africa to help in the faming. 3) Define mercantilism and describe the obligations of the colonies under England’s mercantilist policies. Mercantilism was an economic system adopted by England, which was based on the belief the national wealth depended on the contribution of the colonies in supplying resources such as precious metal and purchasing the goods

EXEGESIS on ACTS chapter six verses one through six Research Paper

EXEGESIS on ACTS chapter six verses one through six - Research Paper Example What they said pleased the whole community, and they chose Stephen, a man full of faith and the Holy Spirit, together with Philip, Prochorus, Nicanor, Timon, Parmenas, and Nicolaus, a proselyte of Antioch.  6. They had these men stand before the apostles, who prayed and laid their hands on them. (NRSV) Acts 6:1-6 touches on two important issues on the development of the early Church: the beginning of the creation of a church hierarchy and bureaucracy (regardless of whether this text can be related to the appearance of deacons in the second century) and the various social roles of the early Church as both a religious community centered on ritual and as an alternative social network. It also touches on the earliest sectarian division in the Church, between "Hellenists" and "Hebrews." Finally, it introduces the character of Stephen, soon to become the focus of the next two chapters of Acts and the first martyr. Acts 6:1-6 was taken by the Patristic tradition as the establishment of the deaconate (suggested by Chrysostom, Homilies on the Acts of the Apostles, 14, and overtly stated by Bede, Commentary on the Acts of the Apostles, 6.3, both quoted at Martin 70). However unreflective of the Church organization of the mid-first century date that interpretation is likely to be, this pericope does establish the laying on of hands as an element of the ritual of ordination. The passage, however, is more likely to reveal traces of two other historical events is considerable importance. The first is the split between "Hellenists" and "Hebrew" that lies just under the surface layer of the text, in its record of the establishment of separate Church leaders for the "Hellenist" community. This is the first clear indication of division entering into the originally unitary Jesus movement as geographical, sociological, and perhaps even doctrinal differences led to the development of separate communities. I t is also the first instance of

INFECTION CONTROL IN THE IMAGING DEPARTMENT Essay

INFECTION CONTROL IN THE IMAGING DEPARTMENT - Essay Example d either due to issues related with administrative failures of the institution involved or due to lack of appropriate legislation that will offer the basis for the protection of the public. On the other hand, the application of specific precaution measures has been proved to be helpful towards the effective management of an infection risk that can possible occur within a medical services institution. In current paper, the main issue under examination is the importance of control of infection in Hospitals to the extension that such an environment can be a source of infection with severe consequences to the public. More specifically, the department of radiology is examined as a particular area of hospital where the risk of infection can be high. The application of a series of measures, mainly of hand wash, is then examined in order to be identified if it is effective under real terms towards the control of infection specifically within a hospital. The above issues are examined and eval uated using a variety of sources both from the field of literature and the empirical research. More specifically, the views stated in a theoretical context have been combined with the findings of relevant research in order to formulate a valid assumption regarding the level of risk for infection that a patient has to face when entering a hospital. At the same time, a series of measures, particularly hand wash, are being tested as of their effectiveness towards the limitation of the above risk in modern healthcare services institutes. Although the development of technology in all scientific areas has been impressive, medical services sector continues to face severe turbulences due mostly to the appearance and spread of many diseases globally even if the medicines available should have minimized such a phenomenon. Generally, it should be stated that the ‘public health action to control infectious diseases in the 20th century is based on the 19th century discovery of microorganisms as

Reading Adornos Thoughts On Brave New World Philosophy Essay

Reading Adornos Thoughts On Brave New World Philosophy Essay Theodore W. Adorno, sociologist, philosopher and musicologist collected the most fundamental problems of the 20th century in his writings, which serve as a useful guide to understand and decipher not only the historical events of the last century, but modern literature as well. Adorno was a prominent member of the Frankfurt School, a school of Neo-Marxist interdisciplinary social theory. Other well-known thinkers of the age as Marx Horkheimer, Walter Benjamin, Herbert Marcuse and Jà ¼rgen Habermas were and are also widely read members of this group. Adornos collection of essays, Prisms, published in 1967, includes studies in contemporary German social thought, besides, it touches upon Huxleys Brave New World, works by Walter Benjamin, Proust and Kafka. Although his essay, Aldous Huxley and Utopia shows a strong sociological approach, I find that he highlights several aspects of the novel hidden or not fully fleshed for scholars of literature. The essay sets out from a diagnosis claiming a shock of the individual. The promise of the New Land (Americas) turns out to be a sugar-coated slogan, where opposingly one does not prevail but perish with some exaggeration. Immigrants no longer seek prosperity, but only wish to pull through. They have to adjust to the new system, where has arisen a civilization which absorbs all of life in its system, without allowing the unregimented mind even those loopholes which European laxness left open into the epoch of the great business concerns( Adorno, p97). The intellectual needs to eradicate himself to integrate into the new world of commercialism to survive. This realization results in panic, which according to Adorno, manifests itself in Huxleys novel. The act of dehumanization is obvious in Brave New World, but Adorno proceeds claiming that the individuals literally cease to exist. Men are no longer merely purchasers of the concerns mass-produced consumption goods but rather appear themselves to be the deindividualized products of the corporations absolute power (Adorno, p98). The Fordian world succeeds in the fusion of the self into the system itself. The satirical alteration of the motto of the French Revolution: Community, Identity, and Stability magnifies the fundamental principles of the system. Everyone is unconditionally subordinate to the functioning of the whole (Adorno, p99). One particularly shivering example of this is the recycling of the dead. Identity is a witty choice, since it implies two absolutely conflicting meanings. The first association can be the identity of an individual, referring to ones possession of a set of unique traits; meanwhile identity also signifies the state of being identical with the surround ings. The Fordian system has precisely done the latter by not only manipulating the psyche of the individuals, but pre-conditioning them biologically. Stability indicates the achieved harmony by the aforementioned; however, it also results in a lack of progress. It is unspoken still indicated that the ultimate goal of the system lies within itself, that is, merely to uphold the system. This coincides with Adornos observation as well, since he later states that the blame rests with the substitution of means for all ends( Adorno, p100). The lack of purpose is hidden behind the fancy celebration; the hollow cult of the devices. This is a result of the objectification of the modern era. Adorno explains in The Dialects of the Enlightenment that the Age of Enlightenment declared knowledge as the ultimate goal banishing God in order for man to reach a god-like, omniscient position. With the gained knowledge man subordinated his surroundings. Things are present or re-formed in the world to suit and serve humans. As a result of this desire, things are represented by their mere functions. They no longer possess an aura as Walter Benjamin put it in his essay The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction. In the capitalistic settings of the modern era, everything is looked at as a piece of merchandise. Civilians are defined by what they purchase. Huxley extends this line of thought, objectifying the individual itself into a product. Due to the several stages of conditioning, Adorno says that the Fordian people surrender to the system; abandon their desires, without even being aware of their sacrifice. This reveals the systems strike of genius. Adorno raises a lot of thought provoking questions concerning Huxleys utopia, but I wish to concentrate rather on his critical judgements regarding the shortcomings of the book. He claims that the orgy-porgy sessions, the prescribed short-term change of sexual partners give witness to the interchangeability of the individuals. Its highest moral principle, supposedly, is that everyone belongs to everyone, an absolute interchangeability that extinguishes man as an individual being, liquidates as mythology his claim to exist for his own sake, and defines him as existing merely for the sake of others and thus in Huxleys mind, worthless (Adorno, p104-105). I agree with his remark on people being created in order to serve others as one of the main reasons of the loss of identity. However, Adorno also argues that if the people are as exchangeable, then the totalitarian authority of the Fordian world has no stable grounding to gain support from. Domination may be defined as the disposition of one over others but not as the complete disposition all over all, which cannot be reconciled with the totalitarian order (Adorno, p105). I am rather certain Adorno was more acquainted with the philosophy of totalitarianism; nevertheless, I find the interchangeability of the people an efficient tool to control the masses. Although the civilians often have sexual intercourses, they lack any personal relationships as their simplistic and shallow dialogues also reflect. Still, the archaic desire of man, namely, to belong and to love is present in the Fordian people, only they are given the mystified concept of Ford and society, both designed to be incomp rehensible to love and serve. Their cramped insistence on the system is due to their conditioning, and the impossibility of belonging to anyone else. No wonder the Fordian system banished the concept of family to the realm of the uncivilized. Adorno is correct on the one hand that there is a disposition of all over all, but this will the civilians possess is ironically vague and meaningless since they dont get true joy out of personal intercourses. They are a herd of sheep waiting for the shepherds orders. With the abolition of the self, the Fordian Controllers achieved creating a mass wishing to actually belong to and melt into the greater being that is society. The Controllers do not have to manipulate the minds of the individuals but one unconscious mind of billions. Another one of Adornos curious instances is Huxleys use of rigid opposites. The erotic collision of Lenina and John is for some reason seen as the scene à ¡ faire by Adorno mirroring the clash between the two worlds. He regards Johns surrender to Leninas preconditioned charm to ease the tension between the world of the conventional and the natural. With John, who is associated with Shakespeare, evoking the values of the lost world Huxley had banished culture to barbarianism. Johns falling for Lenina does not symbolise conventions conquering nature, but Johns natural inability to overcome the new world. John is rather the already mentioned modern intellectual who realizes his possibilities and panics without reaching an alternative solution. Adorno, however, claims that the opposing extremes are in accordance with the utopian tradition. Huxley cannot understand the humane promise of civilization because he forgets that humanity includes reification as well as its oppositeà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦subjective are realized, but only by being objectified. All the categories examined by the novel, family, parents, the individual and his property, are already products of reification (Adorno, p106). The objectification of such concepts is indisputable still they evoke personal experiences and derive from subjective perceptions. Such archaic notions possess a past of their own; they carry their own myths and how they evolved. What Huxley wishes to do is to highlight the fundamental human values represented by these concepts. Adorno criticises the depiction of the Savage as neurotic and states that the novel ceases to be a social criticism with the fall of John. Adorno rather enhances the importance of Bernard Marx. He claims Bernards organic inferiority and inevitable inferiority complexà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ [and] moral cowardice (Adorno, p106) to be his most dominant traits due to the Jewish pattern; however, he sees Bernards character as the voice of social critic. The rebellious behaviour of Bernard expires with the satisfaction of his sexual needs by the desired women. He abandons his opposing views when he ceases to be an outcast. Bernards character turns rather into the emblem of arrogance. The same happens when innocent leaders become intoxicated with power. The depiction of the Savage to say the least of it is imperfect. Still his reactions are in a cause and effect relation. His actions do result in a comical end due to his self-sacrifice was in vain. Another interesting point in Adornos essay is the objectification of happiness. In the Fordian world happiness derives from the satisfaction of peoples artificial needs. Adorno recalls a scene from the novel in which Lenina and the Savage watch a Fordian circumscribed movie. This episode shows the retarded perception of happiness. He [Huxley] believes that by demonstrating the worthlessness of subjective happiness according to the criteria of traditional culture he has shown that happiness as such is worthless. Its place is to be taken by ontology distilled from traditional religion and philosophy, according to which happiness and the objective good are irreconcilable (Adorno, p111) Considering subjective happiness, it can only exist when there is subjectivity, namely, individuals and their own personal desires. However, in the case of the Fordian world we cannot speak about true individuals, or subjective happiness. Therefore, what we encounter is broadly speaking objective happiness with its preconditioned uniformity however retarded it is. Although they achieve objective happiness it does not coincide with the objective good from the past ideologies. It rather draws a retarded good with it, that is, a constant satisfaction transforms into an animal status quo. The aforementioned film amplifies uselessness and pointlessness of this retarded happiness which is subjectively perfect though objectively meaningless. Adorno quotes what Mond answers to Johns accusation regarding the degradation of man. Mond claims that a set of postulates always have to be chosen, in order for a community to function. Huxley contrasts Johns conscious choice of suffering and Monds som aic problem solving technique. The reader is given two choices according to Adorno: the choice is between the barbarism of happiness and culture as the objectively higher condition that entails unhappiness (Adorno, p112). Adorno makes another thought provoking observation concerning the extreme ideology of individualism in the modern era as the counterpoint of totalitarian rule. He notes this ideology in Huxleys novel as an unreflective individualism asserts itself as though the horror which transfixes the novel were not itself the monstrous offspring of individualist society (Adorno, p115). In my research so far, no other author has stressed this aspect of the book. The Fordian system is so dehumanized that the reader does not linger on the thought of who has actually thought up this world of utter control. The Controllers seem only the executives of power as if the main authority lied elsewhere. The power of the system and this does not come as a surprise by now, lies within the system itself. The mystification of Fords person, the conditioned minds of the people and the fragmented knowledge scattered around the Alphas, Betas and Epsilons create a world of blurry water, in which the strong current o f the system keeps the particles in motion. There is a constant circulation without any individual development. This is the reason why Fordian people are never left in peace to meditate; they are conditioned to remain active, so their awakening of consciousness is prohibited in more than one way. But let us return to Adornos line of thought, For Huxley, in the authentic bourgeois spirit, the individual is both everything because once upon a time he was the basis of a system of property rights and nothing, because, as a mere property owner, he is replaceable (Adorno, p115). Once again, Adorno draws a strong parallel between the capitalistic world of commerce and the social world, due to which the individuals and their relations to the outside world are dramatically transformed. Adorno finds the vanity aspect of the book, on one hand appropriate, but on the other, a bit too reactionary. He claims this approach to root from the impotence of presumption (Adorno, p116). Futility does dominate Huxleys novels regarding all characters. Bernard is paralysed by his own inferiority, and criticises the system until he is no longer an outcast. But at the moment of recognition from his cast, he willingly gives up his views, since all his conditioned desires are met to. Johns character dissolves into a meaningless figure, since his actions lack any result. Even Mustapha Mond, a superior figure compared to the two above mentioned symbolizes vanity. His private collection of books and all the knowledge he had gained from them have little importance. He has made the sacrifice of banning his own interests for the sake of humanity (according to the Fords dictionary). Although he values them fascinating, he holds them to be a memorial of the old civilization. Adorno most strongly criticizes Huxley for giving humanity simply two alternatives. Humanity must not only choose between totalitarian world state and extreme individualism (Adorno, p107). In excuse of Huxley, the author himself stated in Brave New World Revisited that he repented proposing only two alternatives in his novel. Maybe this book simply serves as a mirror to the sinister transformations of the modern age, although I doubt it has no other thought provoking ideas. Still Adorno is right, although his own essay lacks any momentum of this sort. What would be a possible solution to tear ourselves out of these tendencies, have remained unsaid by both authors. In Adornos essay, scholars can benefit from his ideas concerning the death of the individual; the interchangeability of subjects; Huxleys rigid opposites; objectification of self and happiness; individualism taken to extremes; vanity and reduced alternatives. Some may find my interpretation of his ideas too simplistic, but my aim was to transpose his ideas into the interpretation of Brave New World as a piece of literary work. My objections concerning a few of his observations are game-like, in order for other readers to feel free to take the field against famous scholars. But with all my respect, I find Adornos writings brilliant, well argued texts, which should be quoted a lot more often in literature studies.

Ecocriticism and Frankenstein Essay -- Literacy Analysis

Given the deep ties to nature that Mary Shelley explores within Frankenstein, the principles and methodology of ecocriticism can be applied in many different ways. The interaction of humanity and nature is a concept explored throughout the novel, relating directly to a core tenet of ecocriticism, "directly relat[ing] who we are as human beings to the environment" (Bressler 231). Being as there is no "single, dominant methodology" (235) within ecocriticism, the extent to which we can use ecocriticism to interact with Frankenstein contains considerable depth. However, I will look to a few main methodologies of ecocriticism to look at Frankenstein in detail to uncover how the novel deals with the changing attitudes of humanity and nature in early 19th century England. Beginning with first wave ecocriticism, the focus on 19th century literature positions Frankenstein right in the radar of the early period of American "nature writing" as well as British writers dealing with humanity and nature as an effect of Romanticism, such as William Wordsworth, John Keats, Samuel Taylor Coleridge among others. Mary Shelley directly quotes Wordsworth and Coleridge through the voice of what could be considered the most "human" of the main characters within Frankenstein, Victor. While lamenting over the loss of his friend Clerval, Victor refers to a passage from Wordsworth's "Tintern Abbey" to express the high value he holds for his departed friend, highlighting important interactions between human interests and nature. Many of the images of beauty expressed through Wordsworth's lines shows the appreciation for nature and its importance over human concerns, and an examination of the deep connections between humanity and nature that ideally should b... ... may result in the imbalance of that which sustains us and our subsequent destruction. While Victor can control nature and bend it to his will in unnatural ways, once confronted with the natural elements, none of his science and ingenuity can save him. Throughout the novel Victor goes to nature for solace, expecting nothing but return, and expects the same throughout the novel, right to his own demise. This lesson is not only applicable to when Frankenstein was written, at an explosively progressive period during the Industrial Revolution, but also to all generations and their relationship with human progression and nature preservation. Works Cited Bressler, Charles E. Literary Criticism: An Introduction to Theory and Practice. 5th ed. New York: Longman, 2011. Print. Shelley, Mary. Frankenstein. Ed. Paul Hunter. 2nd ed. New York: Norton, 2011. Print.

Sociology of Emotion

The sociology of emotions is the article of Katherine Walker from the EBSOHost. The sociology of emotions’ article is based on the study of the  sociology  of  emotions  in which defines  emotions  as socially constructed and culturally variable labels attached to physiological responses to stimuli. Studies have questioned the universality of  emotions, their variation across cultures, rules about feelings and emotional displays, and the necessity of  emotions  to maintaining the social bond.The article was a previously researched article, because the author makes references to Sociology scholars that have established themselves in the field of Sociology, like Emile Durkhem and Erving Goffman (by Katherine Walker, 2010) The  sociology  of  emotions  is a relatively new subfield of  sociology, which first gained prominence in the 1970's. Prior to this time, the field of  sociology  concentrated more on cognition than  emotions, although  emot ions  have often remained a subtext in important works.Emotions  were seen as the turf of psychologists and biologists. However, sociologists began to systematically study  emotions because they realized first, that  emotions  are fundamentally social, and second, that  emotions  have always figured as causal mechanisms in sociological theory. Emotions  are of sociological interest because they are a primary human motivation, they help in rational decision-making, and they link the biology of the body with classic sociological (John J. Macoinis, 2009) questions about social construction and social control. Feature Article –  Sociology TestThe authors of the article try to make clear the concept of emotion, asking specifically, what is emotion? Which they explained as a sort of phenomenon that goes through the body, or mentally. For example, that thing that people usually have while watching a horror movie, scare or fear, that makes your heart beat faster. Walker step in the concept that people develop their emotion in seven Stages that start from childhood and goes all the way to the stage in which people are able to control their emotions, and learn how to adapt them to the new situation.The article about sociology of emotions provides us many points about the importance of emotion in a society, how our emotions are connected to the society that live, explained that the society plays an important role in people’s emotions, as well as the roles that the same society imposed on people so that they can behave in certain way, and the circumstances in which they may express emotions or feelings.This sociological article is similar to the chapter 6 of our text book, that explain some sociologists scholars theories about the everyday life interaction with emotions, the biological side of emotions, cultural side of emotions, as well as emotions in the work place, and we can observe the society influence in this matter.We can see that this article is a clear collection of information from other famous sociologist scholars, and that the authors of this article have actually written about what she found as more explicit in the sociology field about the subject of emotions, and that makes it different from what we can see from some magazine. References Strayer University EBSCO- Host Academic database: Author Katherine Walker, Ph. D, June 1, 2010, Sociology of Emotions. Introduction to Sociology, by john J. Maccionis, Twelve Edition, 2009

Finding Freedom: What it is and what it’s not Essay

Abstract Human freedom could very well be the most controversial topic in our society. To some, human freedom is the freedom to be educated, to work and provide financially for yourself and your family. The freedom to drive a motor vehicle. To vote for the president you truly believe in. To move about freely from one city, state, country or continent to another. In this report, I will investigate the perceived legitimacy of these freedoms, amongst others, and expose the variations in the definition of this word â€Å"freedom.† Finding freedom Many aspects of life come to mind when one is brought the question, â€Å"are you free?† The average person would say yes, they are. But, what does free actually mean? Most would say the ability to choose from any option dictating their personal future. But, there is a contingency to every decision we make and every freedom or option we have. We all want to make our own choices and decide which direction we want our life to go in, but that comes with a price. That price could very likely be one that we may not be willing to pay. Is that actually freedom? In order to take advantage of the freedom to drive an automobile, you must first pass a written test. Following the written test, you are required to pass a road test and pay the fees to become a licensed driver. Not to mention that you must have current insurance to even drive a vehicle after you’ve done all these things. With that said, you have the freedom to operate a motor vehicle, but you don’t have the fre edom to do so without first successfully completing the aforementioned steps. The United States boasts the fact that all of its citizens have the freedom to travel freely, both within and outside of its borders. Of course there is a contingency. They must know where you are going and for how long as well as other information one probably wouldn’t offer it that were not required to exercise their â€Å"freedom.† Describing human freedom is problematic at best as most see simply as the ability to do what you want. Jerry A. Coyne (2012) Stated that while people do have the ability to do what they want, what they want is predetermined by laws just like the laws of physics. In that sense, our so-called freedom is already within certain boundaries. Not realizing this, it’s even harder to understand that we already exercise our freedom within boundaries of the natural boundaries that have already existed. Finding freedom The idea of human freedom fits into the field of sociology though the fact that ones personal idea of being free directly results in the decisions that person makes. The collective decisions of a society shape a society. The degree of freedom one feels varies from person to person, but however free they feel actually indirectly shapes their society. Understanding this concept can grant invaluable insight on the dynamics of a society and their patterns of behavior. James M. Buchanan (1975) suggested that social stability requires an agreement on and enforcement of a structure of individual rights, meaning that in a society there is a general consensus that they all have the freedom to act in tolerable ways and make certain decisions. This also promotes the idea that there are still boundaries to the freedom we perceive and fight to keep. It’s fairly obvious at this point that freedom is not exactly what most would think it is and that the term is often confused with free will. John Locke (1997) believed that free will was the ability to override instinct. For instance, if one is hungry and they chooses not to eat to do something else, they have exercised their free will. But with true freedom, one would be able to choose not to eat at all. We know that we have freedom of speech and press and all of the other amendment, but they were given to us. True freedom has no proposal and enactment date. You either have it or you don’t. The fact is that the conundrum called freedom is actually not freedom at all. In James M. Buchanan’s (1975) study of commonality and non-economic interaction, he stated that freedom as a norm or rule for social intercourse has little or no meaning until or unless individuals are first identified in terms of acknowledged limits of behavior. With that said, if we all carried on with no interaction and did what ever we wanted to, that would be as close as we could ever get to freedom. Within a society, culture or family setting, there will always be a behavioral boundary. While we have the free will to make decisions within those boundaries, we do not have the freedom to make our own boundaries as long as we are a part of a society. Finding freedom Further research into the concept of human freedom, I believe, would offer a great deal of value to the field of sociology. One’s own sense of freedom plays a huge part in their day to day actions and what path they choose in their own life. Sociology, by definition, is the study of the development, structure and functioning of human society. The development of society is based on decisions made by those who lead the way of development and the citizens who decided elect them based on their own sense and concept of freedom. It is my understanding that the very foundation of a society is the peoples’ sense of freedom, collectively, and they make choices based on that sense of freedom. This could give insight into the research of crime, poverty and suicide rates as well as chronic depression and people who are withdrawn from society. Finding Freedom Discussion Though it may not be easy to grasp immediately, that our sense of freedom is what drives us, at this point it would be hard to object. Dr. Mark Cooray (1997) explained freedom is the liberty of the individual coupled with concern by the liberated individual for the liberties of others. In other words what we call freedom is merely a box that we are allowed to move about freely within. Only because our actions affect others and their sense of freedom do we have to operate within the confines of freedom. That leads me to believe that true freedom can only be achieved by on outside of a society or one happens to be an exception to the rule. It has been found that no one can truly be free without encroaching the freedom of another within their society. According the John Locke (1997) freedom is merely a better word for free will, when thought of literally, as there is no tangible concept of actually freedom. With that said, I can still conclude that people still do not feel as free as they actually are although still confined to the boundaries of freedom. This inference, I believe, could help with the research of several of societies ailments and perhaps empower some of those who may feel helpless and resort to deviant means. Finding Freedom References James M. Buchanan (1975). The Paradox of â€Å"Being Governed† – James M. Buchanan, The Collected Works of James M. Buchanan, vol. 7 (The Limits of Liberty: Between Anarchy and Leviathan) Jerry A. Coyne (2012). Why you really don’t have free will. USA Today John Locke (1997). What is human freedom?

Mexican Revolution essays

Mexican Revolution essays January 1910 - In Veracruz, a respectable middle class citizen, Sanatann Rodrà ­guez Palafox, supplies meat to a German hacienda owner, Robert Voigt. Voigt cheats him out of seven hundred pesos. When Sanatann protests, the German arranges with the local jefe politico, for Sanatann to be drafted. (Johnson,18) Madero travels to Sonora, where he meets Jos Marà ­a Maytorena. Even though he is a Reyes supporter, Maytorena agrees to start a club of Sonoran Madero supporters. Madero leaves Sonora for Chihuahua, followed by 20 uniformed Rurales. (McCreary, 23) February 1910 - Abraham Gonzlez, chief of the Madero campaign in the state of Chihuahua, makes his first contact with Pancho Villa. (Krauze, 307) Zapata drafted into the army (his second time) for "political activity," but actually for stealing a young woman. Ignacio de la Torre, Dà ­azs son-in-law, arranges for his discharge, and employs Zapata as groom in his stables in Mexico City. (Womack, 62-63) March 1910 - Colonel ngeles completes his commission to study methods of Artillery Application at Fontainbleu. He extends his stay for another year at the School of Ordnance, and participates on maneuvers with the French army. For his contributions, he is awarded the French Legion of Honor. (Slattery, 23) Maytorena reports to Madero that the political situation in Sonora is very repressive, and that he has made little headway in establishing a political club. Madero is touring Durango, Zacatecas and Aguascalientes. (McCreary, 25) 1910 - April. Madero officially enters the presidential race against Porfirio Diaz. Madero nominated for President by the Anti-Reelectionist Party Convention, 15th-18th. (Meyer) (Krauze) (Beezley) (Alba) Madero wins his partys nomination without attending the conventions because he was hiding from a warrant for his arrest. After the warrant is canceled, Madero has an interview with Dà ­az, arranged by the Gove...

Corporate Social Responsibility Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Corporate Social Responsibility - Essay Example In looking at the opposing views of the market in society, questions still remain: is CSR compatible with the demands of shareholders? Is CSR a genuine movement, or a company PR exercise? Can a company be profitable while also being socially aware? Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is a phrase used regularly by companies when they attempt to assure people of their ethical intentions. The EU’s report on ‘Implementing the partnership for growth and jobs’ defines CSR as: Consumer concerns about the ethical treatment of the poor and exploitation of the Third World have made the promotion of social and ethical statements in business procedures essential. However, many in the consumer movement now feel that CSR is a sham, and a corporate PR exercise designed to whitewash the continuing exploitation of the vulnerable and poor. The question this essay attempts to argue concerns how compatible CSR is with the traditional role of companies, which is to make money for their shareholders. The issue of Corporate Social responsibility seems to be between those who feel that companies are part of society, and others who are more inclined to concur with Milton Friedman’s belief that the only social responsibility that a business has is to its shareholders: â€Å"The Social Responsibility of Business is to Increase its Profits† (Friedman, 1970). By looking firstly at how government has supported the CSR movement, then at the positive elements of CSR, with reference to increasing profits and ‘Social profit’, and finally at the opposition to CSR from both businesses and consumer movements, this essay hopes to establish whether Corporate Social Responsibility interferes with the ability of companies to make a profit, or whether it is a recognition of a larger social movement to improve the va lues and ethics of society.

Homework Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 46

Homework - Essay Example This implies that a trainee needs to be careful when executing tasks and possess the highest mental strength to tackle difficult situations. Similarly, sociability trait is the ability to accommodate divergent views from others while extroversion enables one to be sociable. Sincerity to experience is the sensible and creative nature of an individual to come up with new strategies. The problems that occur in organizations due to a self-enhancement phenomenon include making of poor decisions and being overconfident in all situations. This implies that employees can overestimate the possibilities of attaining their ideas because of the positive elements and strengths they possess. In this regard, organizational leaders should ensure that their employees understand their weaknesses instead of focusing on the positive attributes only. Value congruence is relevant regarding organizational against professional values in that it eliminates confusion and conflicts of interests. This implies that a professional shares similar values and objectives to those of the organizational missions. It can also contribute to higher job satisfaction, allegiance and organizational citizenship because a professional is able to execute his skills without conflicts or problems with the management. High power distance and collectivism are cross-cultural components that illustrate the nature in which individuals in a certain society accept unequal power distribution. The implications of this information are that employees value submission to authority and are comfortable getting commands from their bosses without deliberations. As a result, when a senior executive visits another country, he or she will not face resistance from employees who observe a different